ROMANI CHIB – dujto kotor

Te siklova romqni chib prekal o profesori Ibrahim Osmani (kosovakiri-albanijakiri kupa romani)

Te lelyam ki analiza avdisutno avazesoro sistemi e romane chibyakor ka ava ji ko yekh qaqipe. Kamela pe te janel pe so o Roma ko Balkani ale kotar o duy riga. Kotar Karpatya thay kotar Khoranipe (Grciya). O anglune, sine olen baro kontakti e manushenca kotar odola rashtre, te avdive, olengere romane chibyate isi but kovle avazya. Te na vakerel pe kotar i leksika, sose oy paldinja but romane lafya thay astarja olengoro than. Ki duyto kedin nane ki chib adava so si ki angluni kedin, sar so si o (yotovanje thay i palatalizaciya).
Akate ka dav, ka hramonav, palo mo godipe, kotar o romane avazya ki romani chib.
Ko sa o chibya i natura e avazengiri si averchane. Ola formirinena pes ko averchano drom.
Sar averechibyende kamela pe mayangleder te vakerel pes kotar o avazya so vakerena pes phravde vakeribasere instrumentenca. Adala avazya si o :

VOKALYA-: A, E, I, O, U. (Ko disave kedinya romane, so jivdinena ano Kosmeti thay adala roma so si «Yaremagalarya, Ashkaliye, Egipqanya, olengere vageribaste shay te arakhel pes thay o vokali –Y-. Akava vokali arakhela pes ko lafya so si lende avere chibyendar. Akava avazi vakerela pe na sar phravde vokalya ya keda vakerela pe akava vokali, i bavlal iklola but phare kotar o krlo, thay o voshta kedena pes. I bavlal nakhela kotar tang nakhipe e krlesoro, a avazi formirinela pe ko palune alveole, ajahar so i bavlal nakhela po but kotar upruno kotor e palune krlesor. Uprune hramome vokalya, kerena pes sar so si ko aver gajikane chibya. May phravdo si o –A-, a mayphanlo si o –U-.
Avazi – R- (vokalesor)

Ki romani chib isi vokalno avazi –R-. Ko hramipe, but jene hramonena ole :-Rr-, adala si maybut Roma kotar o Kosovo thay aver, so kamena te ulaven ole kotar o avazi –R-, koleste i chib na khelela keda vakerela pe. Ko akava avazi, i chib kerindo, iklovindo khelela sar patrn ki bavlal, dolindo ko muy o upruno thay teluno than (nepce- temi). Kamela pes te vakerel pes so o formiriba thay o vakeriba nane yekh. Halyovela pe so kotar o muy iklovela po lungali bavlal, sar keda vakerela pe : Rom, roy, maro, parni, paraquvi,rovli, roviba, rakhlo,rikono… Ko hramoviba, nane ulaviba, ya te ruminel pes o jandibe e lafyesor. Sar kamelape te hramonel pe, ya jekhe –R-, ya duyenca-Rr-.
Esavki si situaciya thay ke srbengiri chib, sose angleder, anglo o avazi –R-, arakhisalilo, ekvash laloro vokali. Adava ekvash vokali akana na hramonela pes. Angleder o Srbya vakerje: Serbin, tern, serp…, akana vakerena: Srbin, trn, srp, ko akala thay avere lafyende sar soy akala o avazi _R- , qingadela pe vokalno, thay isi ole vokalno funkciya. Te na kera phari i romani ortografiya, sose, na nashalaya kotar o jandiba ya kotar o haloviba e lafyesor, te hramonjam ole yekhe avazeya –R-. Halyovela pes so ka ovel ole aver funkciya ki gramatika. Akale avazestar hramonja thay o phral Pathaniya, na kamava te lav olesere lafya, thay o vakeriba akale avazestar. Drabaren kokori.
Ekvash vokali:
Nashti te nashel pe kotar qaqipe, so ko vlashikane Roma, maybut ko Gurbetya, arakhela pe akava avaziya, ko baybut desh lafya. Sa so jala pe po dur, nashaljola thay ko olengoro vakeriba. Akava avazi amen lelam kotar e slavengere chibya. Keda vakerava akava, kamava te dav misali so ki purani slavengiri chib (staroslovensko), thay ko but avdisutne slavengere chibyende shay te arakhel pes ekvash vokali. Ekvash vokali penjarela thay i khorani, chibalani chib, so nashti te vakerel pe so na achilo o ekvash vokali adale chibyende. Ani leksika, arakhena pe lafya Khorane thay chibalene, ama, amen o Roma ko than ekvash vokalesor, hramona pherdo vokali, sar soy o lafi :alt*en= alteni, yarm=yarem…
Ki romani chib isi akala lafya, kolende o ekvash vokali nakhlya ko pherdo vokali. Misalya: G*ND= GEND ; Š*L=ŠIL; BRŠ*ND=BRŠIN; C*RA=CARA; H*V=HEV; PAT*RN=PATRN

O Rade Uhlik, keda vakerela pe kotar o ekvash vokali, vakerja so akava avazi vakerela pe ko gurbetengoro vakeriba, kas ov dinja nishani sar ki slavyengiri chib, thay qingadinja ole «THULO- YERI-, hramonela pe ko akala lafya: F*NDO=FUNDO (fundamne), R*VILI=ROVLI; Š*NG=ŠING; C*RA= CERA; D*LI=DILI
Shay akava ekvash vokali si kotar amari purani chib, adalestar na janava niso. Dayekhvar, akava ekvash vokali halyola pe ko agor e lafyesor ko disave manusha, sar so ko akala lafya: IV*, PHRAL*, GAV*, PHIR*. Ji akana hramome ko agor e lafyesor ji avdive nane. Ali.

KONSONANTYA-
a) Eksplozivna konsonantya ki romani chib si: B,P,Ph,D,T,Th,G,K.
Te vakerjam individualno akala avazya, ka dikha so ko sadayekh avazi avela angleder ji ko phandiba i bavlal ano muy, keda kamaya te vakera olen, a palal keda avela ji ko olengoro formiriba, o voshta phandena o ikloyba e bavlalakor so si ano muy, sar so si akala avazya: – B,P,i Ph. Keda kamaya te formirina o avazya : D, T, X, Th, i bavlal phandela i chib, a keda vakereya o avazya: –G- K, i bavlal ano muy phandela o mashkar e chibyakor. Sa akala akala avazya keda kerena pe, kotar o muy i bavlal iklola kotar o yekhvar, sar keda kerela dayekh eksploziya, adalese ola qingadinena pe eksplozivna .
b) Frikativna – Z, S, Zh, S, F, X
Keda vakerena pe akala avazya o instrumentya vakeribaser phandena pes, ajahar, so mashkar olende achola xari quqipe, mashkaro kolate shay te nakhel i bavlal. Nakhindo mashkar akava quqipe -i bavlal shunjola thay halyola pe disavo kushiba kotar o riga (o duvari) e muyesor thay shunjola yekh yekh piska, yekh shupiqiba.
Vakerindo o avazya –Z-, thay –S i bavlal kotar o muy nakhela kotar o tangiba so kerena o uprune thay o telune danda. Shay te vakerel pe so o than keribasor akale avazengor si o danda. O avazi – F- kerela pe, keda e muyesir bavlal nakhela kotar o telune danda thay upralo teluno vosh. Shay te vakerel pe so angleder te kerel pe akava avazi anglederavela ji ko phandiba e bavlalakor, a palo adava avela ko mukiba e bavlalakor. O avazi –X- kerela pe keda e muyesiri bavlalandral nakhela kotar o tangiba so kerela pe ko paluno kotor e krlesor, po shukar te vakerav ko ko paluno kotor e chibyakor. Numa, ko disavo vakeriba e Romengor halyola pe akava avazi so kerela pe but po hor ko krlo, adalese, disave jene kotar o Roma so lena pes buqaya ani romani chib, vakerena so kamela pe ki romani chib te oven duy avazya – X-, thay –H-, sar so isi ko arabikane chibya. Sar ko kamela, ajahar shay te vakerel, sose, amen o Roma rodaya o bal ko yaro. Amenge si po lokhe te ovel yekh avazi –X-, a sar ka ovel olesiri grafema, adava na khelela bari sheruni rola. Sose? Sa akava vakerava so o halyoviba ko lafya achola yekhutno sar ko kamela te hramonel, ya shabdayeya –X-, ya –H-. Manusha so rodena te ovel duy avazya ki romani chib, si Roma so perena ki kuputni so qingadena pe Gurbetya. O Erliye na dena but bari rola akalese, thay ola barashtinena pes sa disova so si polokhe. O romano avazi –X- nane yekh sar so si o avazi –X- ki serbengiri chib. karakteristika gurbetskog govora.Mogu slobodno reči da se ovaj glas po prirodi formiranja razlikuje od formiranja glas –H- u srpskom jeziku.
O avazi –Zh- na sine ko sanskriti, a shay te vakerel pe so thay ki romani chib nane. O chibya e thanesere kote o Roma jivdinje, kerje, te avel ko vakeriba akava avazi. Interesantno si so ko angluno than dayekhe lafyeste nashti te arakhel pes. Arakhela pe ko lende lafya kotar aver chibya. Akava avazi kerela pe yekh sar o avazi –S-, numa, ko keriba e avazesor –Zh-, i chib na jala nakoro danda, ya jala naupre nakoro upruno than e muyesoro.
c) Afrikativna konsonantya (bulyarde), ol si kerde po bulye thay isiolen phanlo tipi kotar ekspolozivna konsoantya thay kotar frikativnaavazya. Ko angluno than keda kamela pe te keren pes, keda kamela pe te vakeren pes kerela pe yekh phanlipe ano muy na mukela pe i bavlal te nakhel, keda adava phanlipe phravjola, ovela yekh nakhiba sigutno e bavlalakor ano muy, so kamela so po sig te iklol avri, tegani shunjola yekh piska yekh shupujiba.
Ko afrikatya perena akala avazya, so shay te vakera, so si purane, thay si karastikane amare vakeribaste, amare chibyate. Akala avazya, but phare shay te vakeren o naroma, a thay isi Roma so na kerena lafi romane, halyola pe, olende yekh pharipe, keda vakerena akala avazya. Akala avazya so kerena pe avera artikulaciya si : -Ph, Th, Ch, Kh.
-C- (cara, cide, ciral>kiral>qiral) Akava avazi na sine ani amare dayakoro avezengoro sistemi. Sar alo amare chibyate, shay te del pes savo na gojalipe. Angleder so ka perel amenge ki godi, adava si so alo avere chibyendar, sose i chib si yekh jivdi materiya, so baryola thay avela ji ko olakor iriba, sar i chib ano amaro muy arakhela so po lokhe drom vakeribasor. Sar avdive formirinela pes ano amaro muy? Ov si yekhutno sar e gajengoro (serbikano avazi –C- ). Ani serbikani chib formirinela pes kotar duy elementya, kotar o avazi T+S = C. Akala duy elementya phandena pes thay dena avazi –C-

-Q- Keda si o puqiba akale avazesoro, isi mashkaro Roma, bare kontradikciye. Sose? Isi Roma so kolay halyovena thay ulavena o kovlo thay o zoralo, sar so isi ki gajikani chib ( zoralo –Č- thay kovlo -Ć-).Pobut kuputne Roma ano sumnal nashti te keren ulaviba. But shukar ka ovel amenge, amare romane chibyate te ovel yekh zoralo avazi, kova ka hramona ole sar –Q-, ( qaqe, qilimi, qeramida). Akava avazi na formirinela pe sar so formirinela pes o gajikano avazi. Ov vakerela pe ko mashkar, olengere avazende, nane ni zoralo ni kovlo. Adalese ko Roma avela ji ko pharipe te vakerel pes. Sar nane amen hramomi romani chib, o Roma kerena but avazya akalendar, sose godinena, so ka ovel amen pobut, ka ova pobarvale. Ajahar disave kamena te ovel amen: Č, Ć Čh,Ćh.
Ki gajikani chib o avazi –Č- kerdo kotar o duy elementya, kotar o T+Š=Č
So kamela pe ko agor te vakerel pes, so ki romani chib kamela pe te ovel yekhutno avazi –Q-, a o kovlo gajikano te na lel pes ni ko vakeriba, a mayhari ko hramoniba (Ć), T+S=Ć a nashti te vakerav so isi Roma so ulavena ko vakeriba shukar akala avazya.

Ki romani chib, pana yekh pharipe kerena o avazya kotar gajikani chib. Amaro beshiba thay siklyoviba mashkar olende, anja amare chibyate te arakhen pes duy avazya, kola o Roma but phare ulavena olen, sar so sine lafi ko avazya – Č, -Ć-
Akala avazya si: -DŽ-, Đ’ ( ki gajikani chib). Me isima propozi, i romani chib te ovel ola yekh avazi, kerdo kotar o duy, sose, ki romani chib nasine duy, ya yekh zoralo avazi. Kotar akala duy avazya kamela pe sar nishani te lel pes –J – (ja, Jaferi, jamiya…) Ki gajikani chib kerela pe kotar o duy avazya. O zoralo kerela pe kotar o (d+ž) = DŽ, a o –Đ= (d+z).
Kotar miri buti ani shkola, thay ko vakeriba e Romenca, alum ji ko jandipe, so but Roma nashti te ulaven o kovlo thay o zoralo gajikano –Đ- , DŽ -..
May lokhi buti amare chibyate ka ovel te ovel amen yekhutno avazi –J- so nane te del amen pharipe ko vakeriba, a o duyto, o romane lafya nane te ruminen po naturalnikano vakeriba ya o jandiba e lafyesor.
Sar phanlo lafi ko agor shay te vakerav so ki romani chib sine amen yekh zoralo avazi –J-. Sar alo te vakerel pe thay te ulaven disave romane kuputne duy avazya, adava i istoriya e chibyakiri but shukar mothavela.
Ani indoevropakiri kuputni e chibyengiri sine duy purane avazya, so palo but vakti rumisalile, keda ale ji ko pashibe e avazeya –Y -.Bute chibyende alo ji ko save na avazya. Adala duy purane indiyakere avazya si : – T- thay – D-. Keda anglo olende alo o avazi –Y- alo ji ko aver avazi sar so si ko but gajikane chibya.

O avazi –Y-, kerja rumiba thay ko aver avazya, sar so si thay ki romani chib. Keda avela anglal o avazya –K- thay –G-, a arakhena pe anglal o avazi –E- thay o – I -. Ko than e avazesor, sar soy o lafi KER, avela ko disavo romano vakeriba ko lafi – QER- ( raditi – qer buti), KIRI, dela QIRI (mrav). Ko disavo romano vakeriba avela ko than – K- thay o –Q- avazi –C-. Palo mande akaya forma si maypurani. Sose ko romano vakeriba isi lafi CIRI> KIRI> QIRI ; CIRAL> KIRAL> QIRAL …

Ko yekhutno than arakhela pes thay o kovlo avazi :–Đ-(DJ), sose ko olesoro than ki romani chib ko disave romane kuputne vakerela pe o avazi : –G-, sar so si ko lafya: GELO > DJELO; GIV > DJIV; GILI > DJILI; Sar so vakerjum angleder, thay ko akava avazi avela yekh po purano olendar, adava si o avazi :- Z-, na vakerela pe sar o avazi ki gajikani chib –Z-, ya avela mashkarutno, kova thay avdiye isi ki makedonikani chib ko lafi: ЅВОНО, ЅИД , ЅВЕЗДА. Misali: SIYI> ZIYI>GIYI > JILI ; SIV> ZIV > GIV> JIV– …

Palo moro gojalipe,o Roma kamela pe te len sa so isi shukar ki lingvistikakor sistemi thay te keren yekh mayshukar ortografiya palo amaro chibyakor fonetikano sistemi. But Roma ani Yugoslavia, so si ekvashsikavde shkolaker, qingadinena e Trifun Dimiqesir ortografija , olesiri alfabeta anena jekh sar so kerja ko gaje o Vuk Stefanoviq Karajiq. Butfar ano medije, ko kedinya, qingadena ole ROMANO VUK KARAJIQ. Palo mande olesor anav ka achol ki Srbiya ko Roma penjardo, sose sine phanlo e khanjiyayarkere siklyovibasa, thay athe ov isi ole poro than. So kerela pe amare abecedake, kamela pe te keras lafi thay o phral o Pathanija te ovel amari purt so ka nakhavel amen lokhe te nakha ki amari purani dayakiri phuv, te phandas amen olakere kultura thay sa disovasa so isi phanlo amenca. Tegani amaro fundamno ka ovel hor ani phuv chivdo, so nashti nisavo zoralipe manushesoro te peravel ole ya te ikalel ole. Sa o kovle konsonantya so na kamela pe amare chibyate kamela pe te ikalen pes, sar te ovel amari dayakir chib lokhi thay gudli sar o avjin.
Ani akaya kuputni e konsonantengiri perena o avazya so arakhlile ji avdisutno than, a vakteya but jene kotar o Roma nashti te vakeren olen shukar. Te na vakerav so akala avazya o gaje nashti te vakeren sose si olenge but phare. Ol achile amen kotar amari purani phuv, kotar i Indiya.

Adala si akala avazya: -Ch, Kh, Ph, Th,. ( chin, char, chavo, chay…)( kham, khoro, khani, khas…); (phral, phen, phir, phov..); (thov, thud, thuv, thar…); Te kerjam komparaciya akale avazengoro e avazenca ko sanskriti, ka ava ji ko jandipe so ko sanskriti sine thay akala avazya so nane ki romani chib. _K,G,C,D,T,P,B, palo akala hramome avazya sine kovlo avazi, so kerela pe hor ano krlo – aspirati : –H-, sar soy akala avazya:. Ch,Gh,Th,Dh,Ph,Bh…
Disave lingvistya, kotar o Roma, vakerena so o avazyaNe :-Ch,Th,Ph,Th, perena ki kuputniu e (diftongengiria). Smatram da ovi glasovi nisu diftonzi, već aspirativni konsonanti (jednoglasni), a so hramonena pes duye nishanenca, adaya si i buti e transkripciyakir.

SONANTYA –

Sonantya si avazya kola vakerindo avena ko yekh tikoro phanlipe ano amaro krlo sar so kerena pe o konsonantya. Akala avazya vakerena pe shunindo yekh toni sar keda vakerena pes o vokalya, avela i bavlal so shunjola kotar avazesere telya thay adava shuniba si pobulardo.Olengoro pherdoshuniba thay o buloshuniba, anela olen but pashe vokalengere avazende, a po palal ol isi olen yekh karakteristika e konsonantenkiri, so shunjola na phravdo avazi so iklola kotar o muy a te na phanlol ko dayekhe thaneste ano muy, tay ola si lokalizujime – so anela olen pashe thay e konsonantenca.
(L) – Akava avazi, ki romani chib nane yekh sar ki gajikani chib. Ov kerela pe averchane ano amaro muy kotar o gajikane avazya. Ov si purano avazi, so akhari o karakteristike kotar purani indiyakiri chib. Ov si ki romani chib zoralo. Numa, sar so janela pe amari chib sine ola but lungano drom, sar amaro jivdipe, kamla na kamla, aver chibya ano olate kerje presiya, a but presiya kerja o avazi – Y -, keda arakhlilo angleder oleste. Keda arakhela pes anglo o avazi – Y – , ko oleste avela ji olesoro kovlipe, sar ko but avere chibyende, thay ko but romane vakeribasere kuputne, alo ji ko keriba aver avazi, so si olesoro parnjako. Ko disave romane vakeribasere kuputne, na alo ji ko keriba aver avazi, ya vakerela pe, drabarela pe sar –L-, ama kovlo, sose vakerela pe ozolo oleste thay o avazi –Y-.
MISALI: PHRALYA, PHENYA, LENYA, GURUMNYA. GILI > GILYI, LIL > LYIL Shay te vakerav, so disave Roma vakerena solduy avazya, a na sar jekh avazi, so kamela pe te hramonel pe (LY), sar ko gaje so si : LJULJASKA. Sar nakhlya but vakti, sar but Roma ko poro vakeriba lena o parnjako e avazesoro –L -, kamela pe tahy amen bi bute gojalipasor te la akava avazi, thay te drabara ole, ko sar kamela. Shay te drabarel olen sar duy, a sar sar yekh. O vakti ka anel piri reforma ki chib. Sa so nakerela ka perel, ka nashaljovel. Moro propozi si o parnjako kovlo te lel o nishani –Ly- (L.)

Ani romani chib, sar soy i situaciya thay ki gajikani chib, palo moro gojalipe isi akala sonantya: V,J,R,L,Ly,M,N,Nj.
Amare aspiralna, karakteristikane avazya, so nane ki gajikani chib, nane olen pere parnjaci. Shay te vakerav, so si akala avazya but kovle, te shayte vakera so perena ko juvlikane avazya.Sar so janela pe adala avazya si: Ph,Kh,Th,thay Ch. Ni ki romani, ni ki gajikani, nane olen pere parnjaci thay o avazya : H, C, F,.
Te kamlam te keras lafi kotar konsonantya ko savo than kerena pes shay te vakeras, so isi yekh tikori diferenciyaciya.
O avazi:-Ph- kerela pe keda phanda amare voshta , ajahar phandaya o drom i bavlalake so kamela pete iklol kotar o muy, sose si phanli hor ano amaro krlo. I duyto rig, keda kerela pe o avazi o :-H- , tegani i bavlal nakhela kovle mashkaro amare voshta, ama halovela pes ko paluno kotor amare krleste yekh tang nakhlo than. Keda vakeraya akava avazi –Ph- , o avazi –H- na shunjola ov biljalovela thay nashaljola. Haljovela pes sar kovle nakhela i bavlal mashkaro amare voshta.
Ko yekh than, sar so kerela pe o avazi –Ph-, kerena pes thay o vazya so perena ki yekh kedin a anglune avazeya. Adala si akala avazya: Ch,Th, i Kh, halovela pe so isi diverencijaciya, kote kerena pes o avazya :T, K, C.
Palatalnikane, alveolarna thay e nakhesere konsonantya, kerenapes sar o avazya ki gajikani chib. Adalese na kamava te astarav but than ko hramoviba sose hramonjum kotar o avazya : –C- thay J ( Dž). Janava shukar so kamela pe akale avazendar po but te vakerel pes, sose ol dena but pharipe ani romani chib. Adalese, adava ka hramonav po tele. Ajahar, thay o avazya : Lj, thay Nj, kerena thay ulavena i romani chib, palo disave ko diyalektya. Diasave vakerena olen phravde, zorale, a disave vakerena olen but kovle, kote halyovela pes o avazu –Y-.. Palo morogojalipe, akala avazya na sine ola i romani chib angleder. Ol lende kotar i gajikani chib, a adava dikhela pes shukar, so na sine ni ki serbikani purani chib, poshukar te vakerav ki purani slavengiri chib. Po palal, kamava te vakerav, so i chib jala anglal, baryola, te avdive, bi akale avazengoro, amari chib ka ovel lalori. Halovela pes ano muy yekh pharipe ko vakeriba. But si shukar te hramonel pes ozolo avazya: L thay N, o avazi –Y-, thay te mukel pes e Romenge, sar kamena te drabaren. Shay sar yekh avazi, a shay sar duy. But pharo avela ko vakeriba keda kotar o anava kerela pe o butipe, sar soy : GURUMNI>GURUMN+YA; HERNI+YA; LEN+YA, SOSE O SUFIKSI – YA-, shay te vakerel pes so kerela butipe ki romani chib.
Godinava so kamela pe po bule te hramonel pe Kotar o avazya so arakhenapes ki romani chib. Sar so si –Kh, Ph, Th, thay o –Ch-.Palo disavende, akala avazya na kamela pe te khuven amare alfabetate, sose? Ov vakerela so kamela te loqaqerqlamari alfabete, jala o drom e Vuk Karadziqesor, sose, sa oRoma kotar i purani Yugoslaviya si inficirime olesere buqaya thay na janena te halyoven so sadayekh chib isi ola piri natura vakeribasiri. Sukar ka ovel i romani Abeceda te ovel ola sadayekhe avazese yekh nishani, te shay adava kerjam, adava ka ovel mayshukar buti, ama te na jal ko rumiba amare chibyakor, sose nashti amen te drabara o solduy nishanya sar jekh, misali: PHIR. Te darabarjam akava lafi korkurune nishanya, ka halovel pe ozolo –P- thay o-H- yekh ekvash avazi, yekh quqibe ko drabariba, yekh ulaviba ko drabariba o lafi. Akava thay upre hramome avazya kamela pe te drabaren pe sar yekh avazi. Kamela pe te janel sa dayekh Rom so si AVAZI, a so si, SHABDAYI (NISHANI). Akala avazya si amaro rup so achilo amen kotar amari purani romani chib. Po shukar te vakerav kotar o Sanskriti. O avazi:-Ph, kerela pe, averchane kotar o avazi –P-. Keda vakeraya o avazi –P- amare voshta si phanle zorale, a keda vakeraya o avazi: -Ph-, amare voshta si phanle kovle. Akava shay te halyova te vakerjam disave lafya e avazeya –P-, thay –Ph-.
P: pani, pana, palal, paračuvi, papo, periba pani, patum pošom …
Ph : Phir, phral, phen, phal phuv, pharjar, phov,phus, phabay…
Glas – Th-
Akava avazi arakhela pe thay ko aver chibya. Olesoro keriba thay vakeriba nane yekhutno. Ki romani chib isi ole aver keriba thay vakeriba. Ani anglikani chib si but po kovlo. Ko olesoro keriba i chib arakhela pe mashkaro danda, po shukar te vakerel pe, angluno kotor e chibyakor nakhela o anglune danda ( chinjutne), thay dolena o upruno kotor e uprune dandengoro, kote isi yekh quqipe, kotar i bavlal nakhela.
Amaro avazi –Th-, keda vakerela pe i chib achola ano muy, o angluno kotor e chibyakor kerela presiya ko anglune danda thay phandela i bavlal so kamela pe te iklol kotar o muy. Keda i chib cidela pe kotaro danda, tegani avela kotar o yekhvar o mukiba e bavlalakor, thay shunjola kotar o yekhvar zorali bavlal so vakerela akava avazi. Sar keda kerena pe aver avazya, so dena ulaviba e romane chibyakor avere chibyendar, o avazi –H- , Akava avazi si but kovlo, thay shay te halyovel pes so nakhela kovle kotar o krlo. Ov nane yekhutno sar o avazi –X-.
Sar te halovel pes i deferenciyaciya mashkar o avazi -T- thay Th, ka dav disave misalya:
Avazi: -T- ; tikno, tato, tava, telal, mato, teluno,tut….
Avazi:-Th-; thuv, thud, thav, than, thagar,thardo….
Te na ulavav amare avazen, kamava thay akate te hraonav olendar pash, pashe.
So kerela pe kotar o avazi –Kh—po tele olestar ka hramonav. Kamava akate te vakerev olestar so erela ko aspiralna thay perela kotar amare purane avazya so dena karakteristika sheruni, so amari chib perelako purane indiyakere chibya, thay so si i INDIYA, amari purani phuv, kolatar iklistilam.Adava na kamela pe te bistrel pe, sose isi but NAROMA, soy ekvash sikavde, vakerena so siyam Arapya, Egipqanya, Yahudiye thay aver.
Avazi-Kh-, kerela pe hari po averchane kotar o avazi –K- sose, akava –K- kerela pes po hor ano amaro krlo, thay halyovela pe o kovlipe olesor. Nane sar o –K- so si zoralo. Akava avazi kerela pe e aspirateya –H-, kova kerela pe sar aver –H-, so kerena o –PH, TH, thay o Ch-.
Sar te kerel pes yekh diferenciyaciya, te halyol pe olesor ulaviba ka dav disave lafya.
Avazi :-K-: kiri, kalo, ker, kamlo, kamlipe, kamli, kako, kivri, kishna, kakavi …
Avazi: -Kh-: khil, kham, khani, khas, …
Achilo thay o avazi :-Ch-
Sar sa o uprune avazya so perena ko asoratno kuputni, thay akava na kerela pe ko yekh than sar o avazi-Q-.O aspiralno si po kovlo thay o –Q- kerela pes po andre ano muy, a o aspirati-h- kerela pesar anglune avazende. Disave amare» romane lingvistya, na kamena te ulaven akale shtaren avazen sar kokorutne, sose na halyona olengoro haloyba, thay o kokoro keriba. Ola hramonena olen, duye nishanenca a kerena solduy nishanya te drabaren pes ulavde. Te kerjam ajaxar, so ka ovel amare chibyatar. Put si pharo, keda o kovaqi kamela te ovel bravari. Akale avazestar po tele kaovel pobut lafi. Akate kamava tedav disave misalya, lafya so ka halyovel pe i diferenciyaciya mashkar akala avazya.
Avazi –C- , akate na lela pes o avazi –Q-, te kerel pes poshukar i diferenciyaciya mashkar o avazya. Keda kamela pes te kerel pes o avazi –Ch-, na kerela pe o avazi –C-, ya avela pashe e avazeya –Q-. Akava avazi si zoralo thay olesere keribaste amari chib avela ji ko danda, a ko keriba o avazi –Ch- o angluno kotor e chibyakor vazdela pes naupre ji ko upruno than.
Avazi- Q- kerela pe ko aver than amare muyeste thay kerela akala lafya: qaqe, qik qin, qar, qiriklo; a o avazi –Ch- kerela akala lafya: chin, chavo, chay, char.
O avazi:-L- So kerela pes kotar o avazi –L- ki romani chib, halyovela pe yekh tikori diferenciyaciya, mashkar disave lafya. Akava avazi ki romani chib zi po zoralo kotar o avazya, so vakerena pes ke gajikane chubya. Sar soy o lafi –LOLO- , o duyto – L- si po zoralo kotar o angluno. Te na keras amari chib but buljardi thay bihalyardi, kamela pes amare chibyate te ovel yekh –L-. Sar aver chibya, kerde presiya amare chibyate, hem alo ji ko keriba yekh kovlo avazi, keda o avazi-L-, avela angleder o avazi –Y-, hem adava, anglal akala avazya: D< T< L< N< Z< S. Keda avela ji ko kovlipe e avazesoro –L-, ko –LY-, tegani ichib na iklola kotar o muy, poshukar te vakerav kotar o danda. Keda vakerela pe o avazi –LY-, i chib iklola kotar o muy.
Kamela pe te vakerel pe so o avazi –L- sine amare chibyate, thay adava sine zoralo. Ov sine yekhutno amare chibyate. A o kovlo alo po palal, na janela pe keda, thay adava teli presiya e gajengere chibyendara. Sa adava vakerava, sose ni ki gajikani chib na sine o kovlo avayi so akana olende, isi ole nishani: LJ, L-. Amare chibyate ko disave romane kuputne, nane kovlo avazi –LY-. Ko than akale avazesor vakerena o avazi –Y-.
Misali: muji, buji …(muli>mulji) ; buli>bulji). Akalestar iklola so aver slavonengere chibya, kolende kerjape e avazesoro iriba. Kamela pe te vakerel pe so ki kedin so ikerjapes ani Skopya, ano 1999. bersh, ko filoloshko fakulteti, vakerja pes te na hramonel pes o avazya: LJ- thay o NJ-. Adava gojalipe o Saip Jusuf, lela, thay na hramonja pere lilende. Mukla, te drabaren pes ulavde solduy, avazya, sar –L- thay –Y- .
Avazi :-R- Akava avazi kerela pe, keda o mashkaruno thay o paluno kotor e chibyakoro bulyola, astarela kotar o riga o danda, a o anglunokotor e chibyakor tanjola thay zoralyola, ovela ikaldo kotar i bavlal ji ko danda, ajaxar so momentalno phandela o ikloyba e bavlalakor, a po palal pale irini pese pere anglune thaneste. Amaro avazi –R-, amari chib, ano amaro muy khelela, sar te vakerav sar i patren ko kash keda phudela i bavlal. Adava kheliba anela amaro avazi, pashe ji ko avazi e Francuzengor, ya e Albancengor, so hramonena ole sar:-rr-. Isi avazi –R- kote i chib nakhelela ano muy. O avazi –R-, kova na khelela ano muy kerela akala lafya: rat, dur, a o avazi khelela ko akala lafya: ratvalo, akhor, tikorro, varo, yaro, roy, … O avazi –R- keda i chib khelela ano muy, adava si avazi so isi ole vokalno funkciya ki amari romani chib. E romane chibyate na kamela pe duy avazya –R-, sose, o lafya na nashalena poro jandipe, hramime yekhe avazyeya –R-, ya duyenca:-RR- koga
Akava avazi kerja baro rubiba thay presiya mashkaro avazya. Olesoro formiriba si yekhutno sar ki gajikani chib, numa, ov drabarela pe palo avazi-I-, sar ko akala lafya soy lende avere chibyende.: dairi, kaiši, ( dyiri, kayishi), a ko disavo vakeriba lela pes o avazi –X-, sar: – daxiri.
Moro gojalipe si, so si poshukar te hramonel pe o avazi-Y- palo avazi –I-, sose, adaleya o lafya lena poro zoralipe, sar soy o lafya:
bijav (biav); odija (odia), ajaxar kamela pe thay o avazu-Y-, te xramonel pe ko butipe e lafyengor so isi olen o prefiksi-Ya-, sar soy: rojja, dajja, mujja najja nilajja,po palal shay te avel ji ko tangipe, te hramonel pes yekh avazi (shabdayi).nilaya, daya…
Avazi –Ny- (N.). Akava avazi thay ko gajikane chibya si nevo. Ov ulo, keda anglal oleste alo o avazi –Y-. Ko disave gajikane chibya akava avazi na drabarela pes, a sar so ki Skopya o Ekspertya e romane chibyakere, ko filoligano fakulteti, 1999. bersheste, anje phnlo lafi te na ovel ki romani chib ni o avazi –Ny-, ni o Ly. Vakerjape, te drabaren pes sar kokorutne. Adava gojalipe si ko than, sose nane te anel pharipe. Po palal, bute romane vakeribaste, akala avazya si but zorale, te na keren konfuziya, kamela pes te muken pes, te oven sar kokorutne avazya, a o vakti ka anel piro. But si pharo te kerel pe o angluno pro te chivel pes anglal. Ani Makedoniya but Roma hramonena thay drabarena sar yekh avazi, sar soy: menya, lenya, gurumnya, hernya… Ko yekh than arakhela pes thay o avazi :Ly (L.) , akala avazya nane olen nisavo yekhipe ko formiriba sar o avazya ki gajikani chib. Amare avazya formirinena pes, keda i chib hari bangarela pe, thay i chib na dolela o upruno than e uprune kotoreya e chibyakereya, ya uprune kotoreya, (mashkarutne.)
Akala avazya na sine ki amari purani chib, ola ule pali presiya e chibyengiri, kote jivdinjam. Isi lafya keda palo avazi –Y-, sar so si o lafi : bulyi>buli>buyi; mulyi>muli>; lelyen>lelen>liyen… akate ko than e avazesor –Y- alo o avazi –I-, ko than e duytone avazesoro –Ly-, ov dinja avazi:-Y-. Misalya: mlji>mli->miji>miri; valjani>vajani.
O avayza: –S- i Z- disave romanekuputne chivena ko agor. Sar soy o lafya: pijas, hajas, lijas, (adala si post pozicijengere chivde lafya, sufiksya, sar soy –Ya-, ko aver romane kuputne Roma.)
O avazi -Z-, ko disave kuputne , lena pes thay vakerenapes ko than e avazesor:-G-. Sar soy si o lafya: giv> siv>ziv; gili> giyi> ziyi> siyi
Avazi:-C- na sine ki purani romani chib. Ov lendo kotar aver chibya, kola kerje presiya amare romane chibyate. Kerela pe ko yekh than sar so kerela pe ki gajikani chib. Akava avazi ko aver chibya nakhla ko duyto avazi. Sar so si ko akala lafya: cijani- tihani; cikno-tikno; Numa, o avazi – C- ko disave thana nakhla ko : –K- misali: ciral>kiral>čiral; ciri>kiri>čiri; machi>makhi>machi. A dayekhvar astarja o than e avazesor –T-misali: buci>buti. Akava shay nakhla sose o avazi: –Č- isi ole elementya, kerela pe kotar o avazya: T+Š.
May phare si e Romenge, o gajikane avazya: Č, Ć, Đ,Dž- , hramome afrikatya, si kerde thay vakerena pes averchane kotar o sa gajikane chibya, kotar serbikane avazya. O Roma akala avazya but phare shay te ulaven olen. Nashti te janen kova si zoralo a kova si kovlo. E Romenge si sa yekh, sose ki romani chib isi kokorutno avazi kova perela ko ekvash than akale avazengoro. Ov perela hem ko zorale hem ko kovlo. But Roma isi olen pharipe sar ko vakeriba, sar ko hramibe. Shay te vakerav, so o Roma vakerena o zorale avazya: -Č- thay –DŽ-, so amare romane chibyate shay te da olen akala nishanya: -Q- thay- J-. Ko sanskriti sine palatalno neaspiralno avazi – Ča-.
Ko yekh si than thay akala avazya: Đ,Dž, , numa, shay te vakerav so o Roma akala afrikatya, but shukar ulavena thay vakerena. Sose, naturalno i makedonikani chib si po kovli kotar i serbikani. Moro gjalipe si so akala avazya ule kotar o purane avazya : -T,i D-
Akala avazya ko poro drom istoriyakor si penjarutno. Penjarutno si so dinje. Ano slavengere chibya. Ano slavenengere chibya o avazi-T-, dinja zoralo avazi –Č –Palo moro gojalipe akava avazi ki romani chib dinja, o avazi –T- >Q-. Adava shay te dikha ko lafi – BUTI> BUQI> BUQA. A ANGLEDER KI SERBIKANI CHIB, A SHAY TE VAKERA THAY KI ROMANI CHIB SINE:–naidem-, doidem-dojdem ( o elementiya e avazengoro –E-i I- arakhena pes ko avazi –Dž-. Ajakhar sine ji keda na ulavdilo o vokali, a keda alo ji mashkar –O- i –Dž-,keda ale pashe –D- thay –Y- alo ji ko avazi –Đ-. Po shukar te vakerel pe o kovle afrikatya –Ć-, Đ-vakteya nakhle ko avazya – Č- i Dž-. Kamelape te vakerel pes, so o kovlo avazi-Ć- kerja te ulavel pes e serbengiri chib kotar slavenengiri kedin.
Moro gojalipe si, so kamela pe ki romani chib te oven o zorale konsonantya, kolenge kamela pe te del pes akala nishanya: -Q- thay, -J-.
Ko disave romane kedinnya(vakeriba), ko than e kovle konsonantengoro, vakerena pes akala avazya: –G- i –K- sar: čerav>kerav; čirmo>kirmo; čirvo>kirvo; pečol>pekol; čiral>kiral…Numa, ko disave lafya ko than e avazesoro:–Ć- kamela pe te hramonel pes zoralo avazi –Č- sar ko lafya: –Čor-, nashti ko than : –Č-te hramonel pes –K-, sose o lafi nashalela poro jandiba. Ko than je (čor=lopov), te hramonjam:- KOR-,o lafi nane ole nisavo halyoviba. reč
Ko jekh than si i situaciya thay e avazengiri: Đ i Dž-, misali:. đili>gili; đendo>gendo; đelo>gelo; điv>giv…
Disave Roma, but phare vakerena o karakteristikane romane aspiratya. Misalya: o avazi -Ch-, ko disave romane kedinya vakerena sar avazi –S- ( sar ki makedonikani chib o avazi-S-, sar soy o lafya (svono, svezda, sid…)Akava avazi arakhelapes ki purani romani chib, poshukar te hramonav ko sanskriti. Akava avazi formirinela pes, keda i bavlal phandela pes ano muy anglune voshtenca, o mashkaruno kotor e chibyakor vazdela pe ko upruno than e muyesor, a angluno kotor e chibyakor dolyela o anglune danda. Halyovela pes yekh presiya, thay keda i bavlal nakhela, halyola pes yekh haroviba ko muy thay horalo krlesoro – X – .
Akava avazi avela dayekhvar ko akala lafya: churik, chiv, chavo chaj, cham, chib…Numa, dayekhvar, ko disavo vakeriba, ko than akale avazesoro, avena akala avazya: – Kh-. Sar soy o lafya:. chin, >khin; cher>kher; chelav>khelav; jacha>jakha; – Akava shay alo kotar i presiya avere chibyengoro. Paqava so ki romani chib, angleder sine o avazi – Kh – , kotar o avazi – Ch -.
Te na godini dayekh so na sine o avazi – Ch -, ov sine ki romani chib, shay te vakerel pes so sine ko than e avazengoro :–Č-i K-, palo moro gojalipe, si po shukar te lel pes o avazi –Kh – ko than o avazi –Ch-, kote shay.
O avazya –G- i –Kh- ki romani chib nashti te haminen pes, sose na ulavena pes, ni ko vakeriba ni ko hrabiba.
O avazi –Kh- arakhela pes ko sanskriti, sine guturalno, murshano, neaspirirano konsonanti. Akava avazi formirinela pes, keda o paluno kotor e chibyakor, mashkaro paluno than e muyesor, phandela i bavlal, a keda vakerela pes o avazi – Kh- i bavlal nakhela kotar yekhvar. Misali: khoro, khoraj, kher, khani, khel, jakh, nakh, makh, khil…
Akala lafya, te na hramonen pes e avazeya –Kh-, ka ovel olen aver halyoviba, te hramonen pes e avazeya –K-. Misalya: KHORO>testija; ,a, o lafi KORO=slep; KHER=kuća; KER==radi NAKH=nos; NAKH=prolazi
Avazi–G- si karakteristikano ki romani chib. Akava avazi shay te anel i romani chib te ulavel pes ko diyalektya.. Sose akava avazi teli presiya e slavengere chibyengoro, anja ji ko rumiba e avazesoro, keda arakhela pe ko lafi angleder o avazi: –E-I- nakhela ko aver avazya, nakhela ko: Č-i Đ. Sar ko lafya: kergum, kergan, phirgen, margen, gilavgen, margen, dayekhvar ko than ko avazi: –G- avela –D-sar so si o lafya: phirden, marden, gilavden…
O avazi –H-kerela pe hor ano krlo, keda i chib phandela i bavlal ano muy, po palal achavela yekh tang nakhiba ko paluno kotor e muyesor. Akava avazi si sar o srbikano avazi –H-. Shay te vakerel pes soy kovlo keda kerela amare karakteristikane avazya, sose nakhela po bari bavlal kotar o muy. Akava avazi arakhela po sheruno than ki romani chib.
Kotar romani chib si but pharo te hramonel pes, sose nane nisave hramome hanika, a amari purani phuv si but dur, te shay olatar te la dayekh materiyali. Amen nane amen nisavo zoralipe kotar amari dayakiri chib, te adalese, avela ji ko but bihalovipa, mashkaro Roma, sose, sadayekh Rom so pes dikhela so diso janela romani chib, a agorkerja dayekh shkola, sar so o kovaci, kamela te ovel bravari, ajahar o Roma kotar o doktorya kamena te oven lingvistya. Vakerjape angleder, so ki yekh chib arakhena pes sa o chibya e sumnalesere,. Ajahar, mayshukar ka kerel buti ki romani chib adava Rom so janela dayekh istoriya dayekhe chibyakor, a na dayekh dizayneri te ovel teoretiqari e romane chibyakor, ya te mothavel pe sar zhurnalisti, thay te biknel godi avere Romenge. Sa adava igarela amen po palal kotar akava than kote siyam. Kamela pe te muka sa dayekhe Rome te kerel piri buti koya penjarela may shukar, sose kamela pe i teoriya te phandel pes e praksa. Adalese, keren mange afi te vakerjum diso bange kotar i romani chib. Kobor janjum, me adava hramonjum, te achxol sar materiyali e terne Romenge so ka aven palo amende te ovel olen diso te jan po angle.
Sar literatura lelum akala literarna kotora: Fonetika srbonengere chibyakiri kotar o- Aleksandar Belić, Dijalektologija, Asima Peca, istoriya puraneslavonengere chibyakir kotar, dr. Ugrinov, thaykotar but romane autorendar.

Jiavdive but Roma thay naroma hramonde kotar i romani chib, thay olakere alfabetaya. Numa, palo mande, kokorutno than astarela manush so dela sa pestar, a biyando thay jivela ki amari dayakiri phuv, amaro phral , so but bersha lela pes amare chibya, thay phirja ko but rashtre kote jivdinena Roma kerja olenca lafi, thay alo ji ko disavo jandipe. Adava jandipe dela amenge, ama, amen o Roma siyam, bare thay zorale sheresere, thay na kamaya te mukas niyekhe angleder amaende. Adava amaro zoralo shero anja amen ki avdisutni poziciya, sose na janaya so si amenge po shukar. Kamaya, thay janaya so si i Indiya amari purani dayakiri phuv, a na kamaya te phandas amen ola kotar i dar, ya aver «romano jandipe». Palo mande, sheruni buti e Romengiri si te phandas amen amare dayakere phuvyaya, po shukar te vakerav, te phandas amen amare phraleya, so kamela te del amen poro phralikano vas thay poro jandipe, te phandela amen amare purane «pisterde dayakere phuvya. Baro respekti kamela te das amare phralese so kamela te phandel amen amare «nashalde « daya. Adava si o rayo JANARDHAN PATHANIA (INDIJA), so bichalja amenge poro propozi sar te normirina amari romani chib thay i alfabeta. Amare gojate, amare haljovibaste, beshela amari phenli, te kamlam te ava ji ki yekhutni sa romani chib ko sumnal. Me siyum angluno, so dinja yekh propozi kotar i romani alfabeta, a o «temeli kerela e Pataniyasiri alfabeta. Telo miro propozi arakhela pes olesoro vakeriba kotar i romani chib.